The 2024 ROOTSTOCK Conference emphasized actionable strategies for managing Red Blotch Virus (RBD), improving pest control, and fostering collaboration. Here are the key points growers can implement now:
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1. Understand the Unique Nature of Red Blotch Virus

• Red Blotch is unlike any other virus in viticulture; comparisons to existing mitigation efforts have proven ineffective for analysis and control. Continued research and experimentation are essential for effective management.
• Address Critical Challenges:
  • The virus has an extensive latent period before symptoms appear.
  • Its distribution within vine tissues is extremely uneven. These issues complicate scouting, sampling, testing, and rogueing programs.

2. Adopt Targeted Rogueing and Replanting Strategies

• Zonal Rogueing: Removing only symptomatic vines year after year is insufficient. Instead, adopt zonal rogueing strategies to account for asymptomatic but infected vines by removing adjacent plants within a certain radius depending on the dynamics of the disease spread within your vineyard.
• Coordinate Replanting: Whenever possible, coordinate large-scale replanting efforts with neighboring vineyards. A community-level commitment to addressing Red Blotch is key to success. Remember, Sauvignon Blanc and white varieties can still harbor the disease and serve as an inoculum source for adjacent vineyards. 

3. Monitor Virus Spread Dynamics

• Two patterns of Red Blotch spread have emerged:
  • Concentrated Spread: Linked to infected planting material, leading to clusters of infected vines.
  • Diffuse Spread: In vineyards without infected plant material, the virus spreads less densely, resulting in lower annual infection rates.
• Drought and Vector Activity: Excessive drought correlates with increased feeding and virus transmission by the Three-Cornered Alfalfa Hopper (TCAH). The 2024 season highlighted a rise in newly symptomatic vines due to heightened TCAH activity during previous dry periods in 2020 and 2021.

4. Prioritize Testing, Mapping, and Monitoring

• Implement proactive testing and mapping to detect asymptomatic infections early.
  
• Due to the uneven distribution of the virus within the plant, it's essential that visual scouting accompanies testing programs. 
• Use visual year-over-year mapping to demonstrate trends and justify resource allocation to stakeholders.

5. Foster Collaboration and Communication

• Invest in neighborly relations to develop regional Red Blotch management strategies. Success depends on trust, open communication, and shared commitments.
• Align internal vineyard teams on the financial and operational impact of Red Blotch to ensure unified decision-making before engaging in community-wide efforts.

6. Adapt Vineyard Practices to Improve Wine Quality

• Harvest fruit at different ripeness levels to optimize unaffected clusters, though be mindful of logistical costs.
• Petit Verdot can be used in co-fermentation to enhance the structure and color of virus-affected wines.

​By implementing these actionable strategies—rooted in collaboration, targeted rogueing, and proactive monitoring—growers can mitigate the impacts of Red Blotch Virus and develop long-term solutions to sustain vineyard health.

In this episode of Grown in Napa Valley, Executive Director and host Caleb Mosley engages in two thought-provoking conversations that explore the present and future of Napa Valley's wine industry.

Kicking off with Jon Moramarco, managing partner of BW166 and a renowned expert in beverage alcohol trends. Jon shares his journey in the wine industry, insights into seismic shifts in global wine markets, and the challenges facing Napa Valley. Jon highlights the importance of innovation, smarter business practices, and the potential for Napa to explore new opportunities to remain a leader in the global wine industry.
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The episode continues with Paul Goldberg, 2024 Grower of the Year and vineyard manager at Bettinelli Vineyards. In this candid conversation, Paul reflects on his Napa upbringing, his journey into viticulture, and the evolution of vineyard practices over the past 50 years. Paul discusses the meticulous farming techniques Bettinelli employs to enhance phenolic development, the importance of adapting to changing market demands, and the opportunities to champion diverse grape varietals. He also shares the story of Sleeping Lady Vineyard and the 2019 Ad Vivum Cabernet Sauvignon he brought.

"Napa is an anomaly. The rest of the country doesn’t live like we do here, and understanding that reality is key to shaping the future of the wine industry." - ​Jon Moramarco

"What was three or four passes through a vineyard in the 1970s has now grown into 10, 11, sometimes 12 passes—each one critical to achieving balance and quality." - Paul Goldberg

"The global wine market has been oversupplied for 20 years. For Napa to thrive, it’s about being smarter, innovating, and working harder to stand out." - Jon Moramarco

"When you actually walk a row with someone and explain how a vineyard is planted, trellised, and managed, it creates a level of appreciation that’s mind-blowing." - Paul Goldberg

"If I can enjoy life with my wine every day, and it shortens my life by two months, I’d say that’s worth it." - Jon Moramarco